Hemostatic sponges lossis koj tuaj yeem hu rau lawv cov sponges phais, vim tias lawv siv ntau hauv kev phais kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Ib yam li ntawd, lawv kuj raug hu ua absorbable hemostatic gelatin daim txhuam cevvim lawv yog tsim los ntawm absorbable cov khoom xyaw xws li cellulose, pob txha gelatin, thiab lwm yam polymeric Cheebtsam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom no ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau lub cev coagulation txheej txheem kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
Ib daim txhuam cev yog siv rau hauv neurosurgery, kho hniav, otolaryngology, gynecology, thiab kev phais kom tsis txhob tus neeg mob los ntshav thiab hlawv lub qhov txhab. Meanwhile, Ib daim txhuam cev hemostatic txhawb cov ntaub so ntswg rov tsim dua thiab muaj cov khoom nqus thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cov ncej no yuav piav qhia txog dab tsi hemostatic sponges yog tsim los ntawm thiab lawv cov kev siv tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kho mob.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm Hemostatic Sponge
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Hemostatic Sponges yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txwv cov ntshav thiab ua rau cov ntshav txhaws hauv qhov txhab. Nws cov khoom yog raws li nram no:
Cov khoom tseem ceeb:
▶Pharmaceutical Gelatin:
Feem ntau cov hemostatic sponges muaj Pharmaceutical gelatin, lub hauv paus protein muab tau los ntawm cov pob txha bovine. Qhov no bovine pob txha gelatinmuaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig.
▶ Absorbability:
Thaum nws qhov chaw nqus cov ntshav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau txhaws, tiv thaiv cov ntshav poob.
▶Biodegradability:
Qhov tshwm sim no txhais tau hais tias thaum tib neeg lub cev ib txwm zom cov gelatin, nws pab tsim cov ntshav txhaws, uas tso tseg cov ntshav.
▶Thrombin:
Thrombin yog ib qho enzyme uas ncaj qha txhawb cov hlab ntsha los tsim cov ntshav txhaws.
▶Fibrinogen:
Cov protein fibrinogen plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws.
Hemostatic Filling Khoom
Hemostatic filling cov ntaub ntawv tau muab faib ua peb hom nyob ntawm lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm: cov khoom siv polysaccharide, cov protein-based hemostatic reagents, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg tsim tawm.
1. Chemically Generated Hemostatic Compounds:
Cov tshuaj hemostasis yog cov monomers me me lossis cov polymers uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov gels thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv no muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua ntawm kev kis kab mob ntau dua li cov khoom lag luam protein, qee qhov teeb meem, thiab ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj toxicity thiab non-degradability persist.2.
2.Hemostatic Agents: Protein-based
Protein-based hemostatic reagents, muaj li ntawm thrombin, collagen, los yog fibrinogen, zoo tib yam rau EC / PGRF txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus nqi siab. Lawv tuaj yeem kis tau, tab sis lawv muaj lub neej luv luv. Protein-based hemostatic agents yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv los ntshav hauv kev phais. Cov neeg ua haujlwm no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev siv cov proteins, xws li fibrin lossis collagen, uas ua kom cov txheej txheem ua kom lub cev tsis zoo hauv lub cev.
Thaum cov proteins no tau siv los npog lub qhov txhab, lawv tsim cov khoom khov uas tsis txhob los ntshav thiab txhim kho kev rov zoo. Kev tswj ntshav sai sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev phais thiab kev kho mob hnyav, muab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hemostatic. Lawv yog cov biocompatible thiab feem ntau ua haujlwm zoo nrog lub cev chemistry. Yog li ntawd, rau cov kws kho mob, nws tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo los ua kom lub sijhawm rov qab los thiab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob.
3.Polymeric Hemostatic Cov Khoom Siv Los ntawm Polysaccharide
Lawv feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate, thiab starch. Txawm li cas los xij koj saib nws… lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo nkauj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom hemostatic nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Hom polymer no muab rau koj zoo biocompatibility, biodegradability, thiab tsis-immunogenic nta.
Dab tsi yog Bovine Pob Txha Gelatin?
Bovine pob txha gelatinyog hom gelatin zoo heev hauv txhua hom sponges. Nws yog muab los ntawm cov pob txha nyuj los yog lwm cov pob txha nyuj thiab muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig.
Meanwhile, qhov no Bovine pob txha gelatin absorbs ntshav zoo kawg nkaus, tsim ntau cov hlab ntsha hauv zos uas ua rau kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Cov gelatin degrades maj mam hauv lub cev, txo qhov xav tau kev tshem tawm tom qab siv.
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm Hemostatic Sponges
Hemostatic sponges yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev phais thiab kev kho mob, tab sis lawv cov qauv tsim thiab cov khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig. Ntawm no, peb saib ob peb txoj hauv kev los npaj cov khoom siv ntshav txhaws:
1.Freeze-Drying:
Qhov kev siv dav dav no suav nrog kev ua kom khov cov tshuaj tom qab cov tshuaj hemostatic, feem ntau gelatin, tau yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj. Tom ntej no, lub tshuab nqus tsev nkag mus rau qhov sib tov khov, ua rau cov kuab tshuaj mus rau sublimate - ib qho kev hloov pauv ncaj qha los ntawm cov khoom mus rau cov roj - yam tsis muaj dej khov. Qhov no ua rau cov dej khov ua kom puas, tawm hauv cov txheej txheem sponge ntxeem tau. Thaum ua ntawv thov rau lub qhov txhab, qhov seem gelatin matrix khaws cov tshuaj hemostatic thiab txhawb kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws.
2.Solvent Casting & Particulate Leaching:
Ua ntej, ib qho hnyav dissolves pob txha gelatin thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv xws li fibrinogen thiab thrombin los pib txheej txheem. Tom qab ntawd, cov kua dej tawm tuaj, uas koj tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ntau yam pwm thiab tawm rau qee lub sijhawm kom khov. Thaum nws tau teeb tsa, ntsev lossis suab thaj yaj nrog cov kuab tshuaj sib txawv. Tom qab cov txheej txheem leaching no, koj tau txais cov khoom ntxeem tau hu ua hemostatic sponges, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv los ntshav.
3.Electrospinning:
Txoj kev niaj hnub no siv hluav taws xob los hloov cov tshuaj polymer rau hauv cov fibers tsis muaj zog. Lub caij no, cov tshuaj polymer yog hemostatic sponges ua los ntawm cov pob txha gelatin lossis lwm yam polymers. Thaum koj muab cov khoom siv fiber ntau zoo li no rau ntawm cov khoom siv tom qab nws muaj qhov hluav taws xob, nws tsim cov ntaub ntawv zoo li lev. Qhov no yog li cas nws tsim ib daim txhuam cev hemostatic, uas koj tuaj yeem siv rau kev phais.
4.Lyophilization nrog Crosslinking:
Txoj kev no siv cov kab sib txuas sib txuas ua ke nrog kev ua kom qhuav. Crosslinking tswj cov sponge lub internal disintegration tus nqi thiab ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov qauv. Gelatin thiab tus neeg sawv cev crosslinking yog yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj thiab tom qab ntawd khov-qhuav. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau crosslinks ntawm cov gelatin molecules nyob rau hauv lub resulting khov matrix, ntxiv dag zog rau hemostatic daim txhuam cev thiab tso cai rau kev tso tawm.
Lub caij no, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab los tsim cov kab mob hemostatic rau cov txheej txheem kho mob. Txawm hais tias sponges 'cov qauv tuaj yeem hloov kho kom muab lawv siv ntau dua, xws li cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob, qhov kev tshawb fawb no siv lawv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev cog qoob loo polymers. Txawm li cas los xij, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog ua kom cov sponges hemostatic ntau dua, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab kho dua tshiab.
Extraction thiab ua cov pob txha gelatin
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cov pob txha gelatin suav nrog qee cov kauj ruam xws li:
Cov pob txha bovine tau yuav los ntawm cov tub lag luam uas ntseeg siab thiab dhau los ua cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas nruj kom ntseeg tau tias lawv purity.
Tshuaj los yog enzymes yog ua hauj lwm los extract collagen, thawj cov protein tivthaiv ntawm pob txha.
Cov extracted collagen yog raug mus rau ib tug nruj purification txheej txheem uas tshem tawm cov kab mob kom ua tiav cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau rau cov tshuaj-qib gelatin.
Qhov kawg gelatin yog sterilized kom tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab kab mob.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Hemostatic Sponge
Cov sponges hemostatic yog tsim los tiv thaiv kev poob ntshav hnyav hauv chav ua haujlwm thiab ua kom lub zog ntawm kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws kom tib neeg lub cev tuaj yeem kho nws tus kheej sai dua thiab noj qab nyob zoo.
✔ Txhawb kom ntshav txhaws sai dua thiab kho qhov txhab
Cov hemostatic sponges muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig, xws li tso tseg cov ntshav los ntawm qhov txhab, nqus ntshav, thiab pib tsim cov ntshav txhaws. Cov tshuaj no txhim kho tib neeg lub cev lub zog kho lub cev thiab cawm tus neeg mob los ntawm kev poob ntshav hnyav thaum muaj kev phais.
✔Pab tswj cov ntshav thaum lub sij hawm phais
Hemostatic sponges feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov ntshav thaum lub sijhawm phais ntau yam. Lawv tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw los ntshav los txhawb kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws thiab muab kev txhawb nqa txhua yam. Qhov no txo qis txoj hauv kev nyuaj thiab txhim kho kev phais tag nrho los ntawm kev ua kom lub chaw ua haujlwm dawb.
✔Txo cov ntshav poob qis thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem
Cov hemostatic sponges tso tseg cov ntshav poob thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem los ntawm kev ua kom zoo rau kev tswj hwm cov neeg mob los ntshav. Vim tias ntshav poob hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg mob mus rau hauv lub coma lossis dhau mus, tus cawm seej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua yam kev phais.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm Hemostatic Sponges hauv Tshuaj
Hemostatic sponges muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv tshuaj los tswj ntshav:
tusSiv nyob rau hauv Kev Kho Mob rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Ntshav Qab Zib
Lawv tau siv tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev phais kom tiv thaiv kev poob ntshav. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm siv, xws li ligatures lossis siab, tsis ua haujlwm zoo, yog li cov kws kho mob siv hemostatic sponges. Koj tuaj yeem muab lawv tso rau ntawm qhov chaw los ntshav sai sai, thiab lawv pib ua kom cov ntshav txhaws thiab muab kev txhawb nqa txhua yam.
tusQhov zoo tshaj lwm yam khoom
Sib piv hemostatic sponges rau lwm yam khoom, cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov khoom xyaw xws li chitosan thiab gelatin:
ü Faster hemostasis nrog siab absorbency thiab nqus ntshav sai.
ü Muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab biocompatible nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis zoo.
ü Txhawb nqa cov ntaub so ntswg rov tsim dua thiab kho qhov txhab zoo.
tusSiv hauv Orthopedic Surgeries
Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau siv hauv kev phais orthopedic ib yam nkaus. Thaum phais, lawv ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv ntshav. Meanwhile, lub absorbable hemostatic gelatin daim txhuam cevaims kom nqus tau tag nrho cov dej noo los yog ntshav nrog nws cov qauv ntxeem tau los txo cov ntshav.
tusSiv cov txheej txheem kho hniav
Daim ntawv thov tom ntej ntawm hemostatic sponges tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev phais hniav xws li kev tshem tawm cov hniav, kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev, thiab lwm yam kev phais qhov ncauj. Lawv lub peev xwm los tswj cov ntshav yog qhov zoo heev hauv qhov kev phais nyuaj.
tusKev ua tau zoo hauv ntau yam kev phais
Thaum kawg, qhov no absorbable hemostatic gelatin daim txhuam cevua haujlwm zoo rau kev xav tau kev phais sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv tus neeg los ntshav yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb kho mob vim nws siv; nws yog tus cawm seej ncaj ncees. Cov kev phais loj siv suav nrog gynecology, neurology, otolaryngology, thiab kev phais dav dav.
Xaus
Yog li, qhov no yog tsab xov xwm hais txog dab tsi hemostatic sponges yog tsim los ntawm. Vam tias, koj yuav pom tag nrho cov lus teb koj tau tshawb nrhiav. Lub caij no, Nws muab cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv hauv ntau yam kev kho mob xws li kev phais, thiab nws lub zog yog kom tsis txhob los ntshav ntau dhau los ntawm kev nqus dej noo.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom nrhiav kev muaj peev xwm tshiab rau nws txoj kev siv yav tom ntej hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab txuag lub neej ntau dua.
